Churylova, I..

Historische waterbuurten op het Friese platteland. Typologie, waarde en context.

Historisch geografisch tijdschrift 32 (2014) 18 - 28.

Om de bestaande kennis van de Vriese nederzettingsgeschiedenis te ordenen en de cultuurhistorie beter in de provinciale wetgeving in te bedden werd tussen 2009 en 2010 door de provincie een nieuwe herziene nederzettingstypologie van de Friese dorpen gemaakt. Als vervolg daarop is onderzocht wat de relatie tussen de historische waterbuurt als fenomeen en het omliggende landschap was. In dit artikel wordt de studie naar Friese waterbuurten uitgelicht. Daaruit blijkt dat hoewel er aanvankelijk in de provinciale typologie vanuit gegaan werd dat vooral sociaaleconomische krachten de verschijningsvorm van waterbuurten verklaarden, het onderliggende landschap eveneens een belangrijke rol speelde.

Historical waterbuurten (water-neighbourhoods) in the rural areas in the province of Friesland. Typology, historico-cultural value and relationships.

This article deals with non-agricultural settlements in rural areas bordering directly on the waterside, referred to as water-neighbourhoods, which developed in the pre-industrial period. Although Friesland was chosen as a case study, the conclusions are likely applicable to the whole of The Netherlands. For a better analysis and understanding of these historical structures, a combination of two topologic features has been used. To analyze and thereby reach a better understanding of these historical structures a combination of two topological features was used: type and shape. Analysis of typology has led to some striking conclusions. Firstly, it's often assumed that the morphology of water-neighbourhoods was primarily the result of socio-economic forces, but the study proves otherwise. The landscape (in its turn a product of a certain period of exploration and water management) turned out to be the main shaping force instead. Secondly, historical neighbourhoods in rural areas are the product of a certain socio-economic era. The phenomenon did not exist before the arrival of Christianity, when homesteads as a rule were self-supporting. They differ greatly from village expansions since the rise of industrialization, urbanization and globalization.